Connecting – today and beyond

How increasing system complexity is driving RF-over-Fiber adoption in aerospace and defense


Written by 

Dr. Thomas Paul

Vice President/Market Manager Aerospace

RF-over-Fiber (RFoF) is a technology for transmission of analogue radio frequency signals by light, using electro-optic conversion modules at either end of the link and fiberoptics in between. 


At HUBER+SUHNER, we are one of very few firms in the world that has the expertise and experience to fuse radio frequency and fiber optics into a single solution.

HS FO RFoF basic module RF over fiber, Receiver, 40 GHz, Flange mount, 1 RF IN, 1 FO Out Standard module 4

The aerospace and defense sector is constantly evolving and with that evolution, the need for secure, high-performing and lightweight connectivity has never been more critical. RF-over-Fiber has particularly seen an increase in use, over long distances and in EMI-prone environments that need to be bridged by RF signals, as these areas are generally unsuitable for conventional coaxial links. As applied frequencies are increasing to accommodate greater data loads, the limitations of coaxial links become even more accentuated, making RFoF an indispensable technology for contemporary and future-proof connectivity.

How RFoF performs compared to conventional coaxial links


  • Lightweight: RFoF exceeds coaxial link performance in the context of long-distance links: over 100 km without amplification. The lighter weight due to use of fiberoptics and the option to multiplex tens of channels into a single fiber, results in a very high figure of merit for data rate per unit weight. 
  • Superior reliability: RFoF is intrinsically immune to EMI & RFI, EMP and notoriously difficult to intercept (“tap”).
  • Unparalleled electrical performance: The combination of low NF, gain flatness and SFDR makes this product family unique in the market.
  • Diverse product family: HUBER+SUHNER RFoF solutions are available for frequencies from 20 MHz to 40 GHz, with specialized units for wide bandwidth, low phase noise, high linearity, GNSS-over-fiber, and power-over-fiber-fed GNSSoF.
  • Rugged design: Our compact and durable converter modules come in various embodiments, e.g. chassis-, panel and DIN mountable units or as customized form factors. We guarantee functionality across the extremes of aerospace operating environments including high shock and vibration resistance.
  • Connectivity solutions: We regularly combine our products into connectivity network architectures, tuned to precisely meet the specificities of our customers.

Coax vs. fiber comparison



Coaxial cable
Singl​e mode fiber
Representative distance bandwidth products
100 MHz km
100’000+ MHz km
RF attenuation/km @ 1 GHz
>45 dB
0.4 dB
Cable diameter (inch)
1/2
1/8
Cable weight (kg/km)
2047
Minimum bend radius (mm)
71
Data security
LowExcellent
EMI immunity
OKExcellent
two compact array radio telescopes

RFoF for aerospace applications:


RFoF transmits high-frequency signals over long distances with minimal loss, ideal for weight-sensitive platforms like aircraft, satellites, and UAVs. It enables remote antenna placement, high-bandwidth links, and phase-stable signal transport—supporting SATCOM, radar, and avionics systems and other applications.


Close up of military airport radar dish antenna

RFoF for defense applications:


In defense, RFoF delivers clean, interference-free signals across secure, complex environments. It supports long-range links from sensors and antennas to processing units, maintaining low noise and phase coherence—crucial for radar, EW, and other applications for defense.


Our heritage in RFoF


With a proven track record in harsh environment applications, HUBER+SUHNER is a trusted partner, backed by extensive engineering and testing resources. We take pride in our extensive heritage providing rugged connectivity to the world’s most recognized programs. These include long-range over-the-horizon radar systems, mobile satellite communications for tactical operations, GNSS signal distribution in military fleets, and high-frequency signal calibration in naval intelligence systems. Our technology has consistently enabled precise synchronization, robust signal integrity, and multi-channel connectivity in mission-critical environments.

RF-over-Fiber systems


We help our customers enhance connectivity with RF-over-Fiber by HUBER+SUHNER, offering applications for low loss, high stability, and secure long-distance signal transmission.

GNSS-over-Fiber systems


Distribute GNSS signals easily with HUBER+SUHNER GNSS-over-Fiber modules, ensuring synchronised time data across systems in both fixed and mobile setups.

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